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        <title>Mollie Medcast</title>
        <description>Welcome to Mollie Medcast, the podcast for the biomedical journal Molecular Medicine. Molecular Medicine (www.molmed.org) is concerned with understanding the pathogenisis of disease at the molecular level, and based on that knowledge, designing specific molecular tools for diagnosis, treatment and prevention. This podcast includes summaries of articles from the journal.</description>
        <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
        <category  domain="www.molmed.org">Science &amp; Medicine</category>
        <copyright>2008 Molecular Medicine</copyright>
        <language>en</language>
        <lastBuildDate>Mon, 08 Mar 2010 08:52:36 -0500</lastBuildDate>
        <managingEditor>mgpuerta@gmail.com</managingEditor>
        <pubDate>Mon, 08 Mar 2010 08:50:34 -0500</pubDate>
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        <itunes:subtitle>The podcast for the biomedical journal Molecular Medicine includes summaries of articles from the journal.</itunes:subtitle>
        <itunes:summary>Welcome to Mollie Medcast, the podcast for the biomedical journal Molecular Medicine. Molecular Medicine (www.molmed.org) is concerned with understanding the pathogenisis of disease at the molecular level, and based on that knowledge, designing specific molecular tools for diagnosis, treatment and prevention. This podcast includes summaries of articles from the journal.</itunes:summary>
        <itunes:category text="Science &amp; Medicine"/>
        <itunes:keywords>research,biomedical,disease,cellular,laboratory,scientist</itunes:keywords>
        <itunes:author>Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
        <itunes:owner>
            <itunes:email>mpuerta@NSHS.edu</itunes:email>
            <itunes:name>The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research</itunes:name>
        </itunes:owner>
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        <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
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            <title>Mollie Medcast</title>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <description>Welcome to Mollie Medcast, the podcast for the biomedical journal Molecular Medicine. Molecular Medicine (www.molmed.org) is concerned with understanding the pathogenisis of disease t the molecular level, and based on that knowledge, designing specific molecular tools for diagnosis, treatment and prevention. This podcast includes summaries of articles from the journal.</description>
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            <title>Episode 67: JIA, Alzheimer’s and Cancer</title>
            <description>In this podcast we’re going to take a deeper look into our March-April 2010 issue. And we’re going to start by: “Measuring MMPs &amp;amp; Antioxidants In Juvenile-Induced Arthritis—&lt;i&gt;Noninvasively&lt;/i&gt;”, which is great for kids; then take go over “MIF Plays A Role In Alzheimer’s Disease”; and lastly, we’ll look at a review “Carcinogenesis and Cancer Therapy”. </description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 08 Mar 2010 08:52:18 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>JIA, Alzheimer’s and Cancer</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>The first paper we have to discuss this week is:
Measuring MMPs &amp; Antioxidants In Juvenile-Induced Arthritis—Noninvasively 
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (or JIA), is the most common rheumatic disease in children. It occurs in about one in a thousand children, which is about 300,000 children in the U.S. If untreated, JIA interferes with normal growth and development. Disease severity varies between active and nonactive states, and treatment for JIA has drawbacks in terms of costs and side effects, as well as decrease in efficacy over time. The follow up requires multiple blood tests, which can  be a major drawback in children. ..</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:51</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>JIA, Alzheimer’sm Cancer</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
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        <item>
            <title>Episode 66: HIV, Sepsis and PCOS</title>
            <description>In this podcast we’re going to take a look at three research papers.  The first two are from our January-February 2010 issue: “HIV Interrupted – Insight Into Pathways That Regulate Viral Integration” and “Biomarkers Point The Way To Better Sepsis Treatments.”  The third paper is from our March-April issue “No Sugar Coating: Insulin Signaling In Polycystic Ovary Syndrome”. </description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 22 Feb 2010 07:55:01 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>HIV, Sepsis and PCOS</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>HIV Interrupted – Insight Into Pathways That Regulate Viral Integration 
The CDC estimates that every nine-and-a-half minutes someone in the US is infected with human immunodeficiency virus or HIV, the virus that causes AIDS [Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome].(1)  The central event in the life cycle of this retrovirus is when HIV integrates into the host cell DNA. In order for this to occur, a combination of proteins are required, they are the viral integrase and the host LEDGF/p75. In their latest efforts, Dr. Aviad Levin and colleagues from Israel examined the early viral integration pathway and demonstrate that an inhibitor of viral integration, the Rev protein, associates with LEDGF/p75. Furthermore, they demonstrate a role for Rev in the dissociation of the integrase-LEDGF/p75 complex. The title of their paper is, “Integration of HIV-1 DNA Is Regulated by Interplay between Viral Rev and Cellular LEDGF/p75 Proteins.” The authors propose a model whereby viral integration is regulated by the interplay between LEDGF/p75, Rev and integrase, with the LEDGF/p75-Rev and integrase-Rev complexes leading to inhibition of viral integration. This work could ultimately lead to new strategies for preventing and treating HIV infection. Supplementary data for this paper is available and can be viewed by visiting our Web site at www.molmed.org. ...more
</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>7:58</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>HIV, Sepsis and PCOS</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Molecular Medicine Editors</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
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        <item>
            <title>Episode 65: Glioblastoma, Breast Cancer and mRNA Processing</title>
            <description>This podcast features the following articles:  “Fingerprinting The Players In Primary Glioblastoma”, “Novel Treatment De Novo Approach For Endocrine Resistant Breast Cancer” and a review paper, “mRNA Processing And Diseases”. &lt;br /&gt;
</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 08 Feb 2010 10:43:44 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Glioblastoma, Breast Cancer and mRNA Processing</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Fingerprinting The Players In Primary Glioblastoma 
Glioblastoma multiforme is a life-threatening intracranial malignant tumor.  Currently the treatment of glioblastoma is hindered by difficulties in early diagnosis, rapid progression and frequent recurrence.  Since the methylation status of specific gene loci can be used as a prognostic tool for different tumor types, Dr. Christina Piperi and her colleagues examined four genes involved in glioma tumorigenesis. The title of their paper is, “High Incidence of MGMT and RARβ Promoter Methylation in Primary Glioblastomas:  Association with Histopathological Characteristics, Inflammatory Mediators and Clinical Outcome”. In this work the authors found that two of these genes they examined, MGMT and RARβ were significantly more methylated in the analyzed glioblastoma cases. The study also highlights a potential link between methylation patterns and interleukin-6, suggesting a specific role for inflammation mediators in the regulation of gene methylation. These results could generate new insight regarding patient survival and treatment options for this devastating disease.    more...
</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:50</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Glioblastoma, Breast Cancer and mRNA Processing
Glioblastoma multiforme is a life-threatening intracranial malignant tumor.  Currently the treatment of glioblastoma is hindered by difficulties in early diagnosis, rapid progression and frequent recurrence.</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Puerta, Managing Editor, Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
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        <item>
            <title>Episode 64: Lupus, Malaria and Acute Lung Injury</title>
            <description>This podcast features the following articles: “Exploring The Autoimmune Response In SLE”, then we have a research article “Malaria Susceptibility Is Linked With A Common Marker Of Inflammation”, followed up by a review paper: “PRR-Dependent Mechanisms Of Acute Lung Injury”. </description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 25 Jan 2010 09:24:12 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Lupus, Malaria and Acute Lung Injury</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>.In this podcast we’re going to review some of the papers from our January-February 2010 issue: our cover story is “Exploring The Autoimmune Response In SLE”, then we have a research article “Malaria Susceptibility Is Linked With A Common Marker Of Inflammation”, followed up by a review paper: “PRR-Dependent Mechanisms Of Acute Lung Injury”. </itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>7:52</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Lupus, Malaria, Acute Lung Injury</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Puerta, Managing Editor, Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 63: Top 5 downloaded papers of 2009</title>
            <description>Happy New Year Mollie Medcast listeners and welcome back! Mollie Medcast is the podcast for the biomedical journal, &lt;i&gt;Molecular Medicine&lt;/i&gt;. My name is Margot Puerta, Managing Editor here at Molecular Medicine&lt;/i&gt; and your host for this podcast episode. Since this is our first podcast of 2010 I thought it would be fitting to take a quick look back at the top five papers downloaded from our Web site in 2009. </description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 11 Jan 2010 12:32:49 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Episode 63: Top 5 downloaded papers of 2009</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Happy New Year Mollie Medcast listeners and welcome back! Mollie Medcast is the podcast for the biomedical journal, Molecular Medicine. My name is Margot Puerta, Managing Editor here at Molecular Medicine and your host for this podcast episode. Since this is our first podcast of 2010 I thought it would be fitting to take a quick look back at the top five papers downloaded from our Web site in 2009. </itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>12:14</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>science, top 5 downloads, www.molmed.org, research</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Puerta, Managing Editor, Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 51: Genetics &amp; Smoking, Cadmium &amp; Fertility</title>
            <description>In this podcast we’re going to talk about research articles related to smoking.  We’ll start with: Kicking The Habit – It’s In The Genes&lt;/, Smoking Out Genes Responsive To Oxidative Stress&lt;/b&gt;, and end with Heavy Metal Consequences: Cadmium Affects Sperm Concentration and Motility.</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 11 Jan 2010 12:27:29 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Genetics &amp; Smoking, Cadmium &amp; Fertility</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>There are an estimated 29 million men and women smoking in the United States. So, w e all know smoking is bad, but here is a sobering statistic, cigarette smoking kills 1 in 10 adults worldwide.  In our July-August 2009 issue, authors study different aspects of smoking, including cessation and the link to other complications.  .. more</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>9:22</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Genetics &amp; Smoking, Cadmium &amp; Fertility</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 50:Trauma and Wound Healing</title>
            <description>The three papers we’ll check out are: &lt;b&gt;After The Crash: The Role Of Splenectomy In Managing Blunt Trauma&lt;/b&gt;, next, we’ll look at &lt;b&gt;Better Post-trauma Prognosis Through Gene Profiling&lt;/b&gt;, and last but not least, &lt;b&gt;Wound Healing: Specific Tissue Protective Compounds Skirt The Negative Side Effects Of EPO.  &lt;/b&gt;</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 29 Jun 2009 14:15:27 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>“Better Post-trauma Prognosis Through Gene Profiling”, and last but not least, “Wound Healing: Specific Tissue Protective Compounds Skirt The Negative Side Effects Of EPO”.</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>After The Crash: Role Of Splenectomy In Managing Blunt Trauma
Millions of nonfatal injuries resulting from blunt trauma occur in the United States each year.  Forty percent of traumas include intraabdominal injuries with the liver and spleen sustaining the bulk of the damage.1  When the spleen is injured, uncontrolled bleeding may require operative interventions, including splenectomy.  In patients that are hemodynamically stable however, it is not clear whether splenectomy will lead to improved outcome... more</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>7:47</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Trauma, Wound Healing</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 49: Diabetes</title>
            <description>In this podcast we’re going to discuss diabetes and take a look at two manuscripts from recent issues: &lt;b&gt;Boning Up On Hyperglycemia&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;The Skinny On Fat Cells&lt;/b&gt;.</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Jun 2009 14:13:58 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Diabetes Research Articles: A look at two manuscripts from recent issues: Boning Up On Hyperglycemia and The Skinny On Fat Cells</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Boning Up On Hyperglycemia
Endothelial progenitor cells (or EPCs) are, like lymphocyte pre-cursors, derived from bone marrow and can differentiate into endothelial cells, these comprise the inner cell layer of blood vessels.2 These EPCs are critical for maintaining the integrity and health of the vasculature. In diabetes, however, the numbers of these cells in the circulation are reduced. This may lead to ischemic vascular disease in these patients... more</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:56</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Diabetes, Hyperglycemia, obesity, fat cells</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 48: RA, Myocardial Infarction, and non-Hodgkin Lymphoma</title>
            <description>In this podcast we’re going to continue with articles from our May-June issue: &lt;b&gt;Tracking Down An Indicator of Rheumatoid Arthritis&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;Matters Of The Heart&lt;/b&gt;, and &lt;b&gt;Understanding NHL Therapy Through Powerhouse Proteomics&lt;/b&gt;.</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jun 2009 14:21:01 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>RA, Myocardial Infarction, and non-Hodgkin Lymphoma</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>First is:
Tracking Down an Indicator of Rheumatoid Arthritis
The autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis (RA) impacts about one percent of the population and can severely reduce quality of life for those affected. In general, RA progresses in three stages... more</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:44</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>RA, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Myocardial Infarction, and non-Hodgkin Lymphoma</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 47: Disease Awareness in Ma</title>
            <description>In this podcast we’re going to discuss three diseases recognized during the month of May and past manuscripts published in Molecular Medicine related to them. There are a host of illnesses that are acknowledged this month, which range from Stroke and Mental Health to Asthma and Lyme Disease.  The three we’ve chosen are &lt;b&gt;Lupus&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;Cystic Fibrosis&lt;/b&gt;, and &lt;b&gt;Hepatitis&lt;/b&gt;.</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 18 May 2009 14:22:59 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Disease Awareness in May</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>In the United States, it is National Lupus Awareness month.  
According to the Lupus Foundation of America, most people are referring to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, or SLE, when discussing lupus – although there are three other types: Cutaneous (skin) Lupus Erythematosus, Drug-induced Erythematosus, and Neonatal Lupus. SLE—an autoimmune disease which mainly affects women during childbearing years—can be mild or severe, and can have serious effects, such as pulmonary hypertension, seizures, and coronary artery disease.1 SLE is characterized by anti-nuclear autoantibodies and inflammatory lesions which target several tissues of the body. .. more
</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>8:32</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Lupus, Cystic Fibrosis, Hepatitis</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 46: hNET, Ricin, and Solid Tumors</title>
            <description>In this podcast we’re going to summarize a few articles from our May-June issue: Nicotine To &lt;b&gt;The Rescue: Delaying The Effects Of Ricin&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;Nothing But hNET: Assessing And Visualizing An Oncolytic Virus&lt;/b&gt;, and a review, &lt;b&gt;Monoclonal Antibodies For Solid Tumors&lt;/b&gt;.</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 20 Apr 2009 14:25:34 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>From the journal Molecular Medicine, hNET, Ricin, and Solid Tumors</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Nicotine To The Rescue: Delaying The Effects Of Ricin
Ricin, is a compound derived from castor beans. It depurinates ribosomal RNA, disrupting the integrity of the ribosome. This effectively stops protein synthesis in its tracks and leads to inflammation, multiple organ failure, and death in those exposed... more</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:04</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>hNET, Ricin, Solid Tumors</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Puerta, Managing Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 45: Liver, Prostate, and Breast Cancer</title>
            <description>In this podcast we’re going to discuss three different types of cancer.  First, we’ll go over the last of the March-April articles: &lt;b&gt;A Molecular Portrait of Hepatocellular Carcinoma&lt;/b&gt; and a review, &lt;b&gt;Detection of Circulating Prostate Cancer Cells&lt;/b&gt;; and then we’ll sum up the cover article for our May-June issue: &lt;b&gt;Breast Cancer: Clues for Carcinogenesis in the Mitochondrial Genome&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 06 Apr 2009 14:27:52 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Liver, Prostate, and Breast Cancer</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Eighty percent of liver tissue is composed of hepatocytes, and cancer rising from these specific cells is called hepatocellular carcinoma or HCC.1 Liver cancer rates in the US are increasing due to the prevalence of hepatitis C virus or HCV... more</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>8:32</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>liver cancer, prostate cancer, and breast cancer</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Puerta, Managing Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 44: March Awareness</title>
            <description>In this week’s podcast we’re going to discuss &lt;b&gt;Chronic Kidney Disease&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;Colorectal Cancer&lt;/b&gt;, and &lt;b&gt;Chronic Fatigue Syndrome&lt;/b&gt;.</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2009 14:31:27 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>March Awareness</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>First we’ll discuss Chronic Kidney Disease.
Our kidneys have a hard job to do, and play a major role in our daily health regimen.  Their functions include filtering 200 liters of blood (that’s about 845 cups!) a day, regulating the body’s water balance, and producing the hormone that stimulates bone marrow to manufacture red blood cells. . . more</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>8:32</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>chronic kidney disease, colorectal cancer, chronic fatigue syndrome</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Puerta, Managing Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 43:CD38/157, Alzheimer’s, and Malignant Gliomas</title>
            <description>In this week’s podcast we’re going to discuss a few of our March-April (2009) articles: &lt;b&gt;Turning A Blind Eye With Ectoenzymes&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;All In The Family: Alzheimer’s Disease&lt;/b&gt;, and a review, &lt;b&gt;Malignant Gliomas Rack The Brain&lt;/b&gt;.</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2009 14:34:16 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>CD38/157, Alzheimer’s, and Malignant Gliomas</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Turning A Blind Eye With Ectoenzymes
The cornea, which is part of the eye, is avascular and transparent.  The reason the cornea has no blood vessels is because they would interfere with how the eye refracts light, altering our vision ...</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>5:55</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>CD38/157, Alzheimer’s, and Malignant Gliomas</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Puerta, Managing Ed, Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 42: Special February-themed podcast</title>
            <description>The month of February is an important and historic one for science!  Thanks to a nifty Web site, todayinsci.com, which is abbreviated for &lt;b&gt;Today In Science History&lt;/b&gt;, we can find out what scientific developments occurred on any given day of the year.  </description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 23 Feb 2009 13:36:06 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Special February-themed podcast</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>The month of February is an important and historic one for science!  Thanks to a nifty Web site, todayinsci.com, which is abbreviated for Today In Science History, we can find out what scientific developments occurred on any given day of the year.  There were several births (and sadly, deaths) this month, in addition to discoveries and inventions that assist us in scientific development.  Today we’re going to go through a few interesting and significant events that happened this month.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:52</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Darwin, DNA, Dr. Cashmir Funk, science history</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Puerta, Managing Ed., Molecular Medicine
Managing Editor, Molecular Medicine
Margot Puerta
Managing Editor, Molecular Medicine

Assistant Editor, Molecular Medicine
Veronica J Davis
Assistant Editor, Molecular Medicine
Veronica J Davis
Assistant Ed</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 41: MIF, CKD, and Molecular Medicine</title>
            <description>In this podcast we’re going to discuss two research articles: &lt;b&gt;MIF Busters: Diagnosing Colorectal Cancer&lt;/b&gt;, and ask if there’s a &lt;b&gt;New Link Between Chronic Kidney &amp;amp; Vascular Diseases&lt;/b&gt;? For your listening pleasure, we’re also going to discuss a special mini-review on the field of molecular medicine.</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode41.m4a" length="6400" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 09 Feb 2009 13:38:21 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>MIF, CKD, and Molecular Medicine</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>MIF Busters: Diagnosing Colorectal Cancer
Despite advances in colorectal cancer diagnosis and treatment, this disease remains a major cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Approximately half of all patients with colorectal cancer develop liver metastasis and die within 5 years of diagnosis. ..</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>5:35</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>MIF, CKD, Molecular Medicine, cancer, kidney, vascular disease</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Puerta, Managing Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 40: Sepsis, Cancer, Antimicrobial Peptides</title>
            <description>This podcast includes discussion of: &lt;b&gt;P-1 As A Treatment For Sepsis&lt;/b&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;Trapping Ligands With The EGFR Family&lt;/b&gt;, and, our second &lt;i&gt;Review &amp;amp; Asses&lt;/i&gt;s paper, &lt;b&gt;Antimicrobial Peptides&lt;/b&gt;.</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode40.m4a" length="8800" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 26 Jan 2009 13:41:05 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Sepsis, Cancer, Antimicrobial Peptides</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Human AM/AMBP-1 As A Treatment For Sepsis 
Sepsis remains a critical problem and it leads to significant morbidity and mortality. It’s the second leading cause of death among patients in noncoronary intensive care units, underscoring the urgent unmet need for effective therapies. Early administration of adrenomedullin, abbreviated AM, and its binding protein, AMBP-1, produce beneficial effects in models of sepsis...</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:08</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Sepsis, Cancer, Antimicrobial Peptides</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Puerta, Managing Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 39: Smoking Cessation, Chronic Fatigue, and Melatonin</title>
            <description>&lt;b&gt;Smoking Cessation Genes&lt;/b&gt;, T&lt;b&gt;ranscriptional Control In Chronic Fatigue Syndrome&lt;/b&gt;, and, one of our &lt;i&gt;Review &amp;amp; Assess&lt;/i&gt; papers, &lt;b&gt;Melatonin For Clinical Trials&lt;/b&gt;.</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode39.m4a" length="8300" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 12 Jan 2009 13:43:36 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Smoking Cessation, Chronic Fatigue, and Melatonin</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Smoking Cessation Genes 
So approximately 45 million adults in the US smoke cigarettes, that’s about 21% of all adults.1 Vulnerability to dependence on addictive substances, such as nicotine, is a complex trait with strong genetic influences. It has been well documented by data from families, and adoption and twin studies...</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>5:51</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Smoking Cessation, Chronic Fatigue, Melatonin, research</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Puerta, Managing Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Top 5 Molecular Medicine Papers Cited in 2008</title>
            <description>Since it’s the end of the year, we have a special episode this week. Instead of reviewing newly published manuscripts, we’ll be looking back at the top five Molecular Medicine papers cited during the year 2008.</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/TopPapers2008.m4a" length="15300" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 29 Dec 2008 09:38:54 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>The top five Molecular Medicine papers cited during the year 2008.</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>#5: Association of STAT4 with rheumatoid arthritis in the Korean population by Dr. Lee, published in 2007.

#4: Insulin signaling and the regulation of glucose transport by Dr. Chang, published in 2004.

#3: The molecular mechanism of autophagy by Dr. Wang, published in 2003.

#2: Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into embryoid bodies comprising the three embryonic germ layers, by Dr. Itskovitz-Eldor in 2000.

#1:Erythropoietin therapy for acute stroke is both safe and beneficial, by Dr. Ehrenreich published in 2002.


#5 Association of STAT4 with Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Korean Population
</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>11:18</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Rheumatoid Arthritis, Erythropoietin therapy, stroke,human embryonic stem cells,Insulin signaling,Insulin signaling</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Puerta, Managing Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 38: Renal Fibrosis, PAQR10, and CLL</title>
            <description>Discussed in this podcast: &lt;b&gt;Blocking Inflammation In Renal Fibrosis&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;PAQR10 In Pancreas&lt;/b&gt;, and &lt;b&gt;CLL Monoclonal Antibodies [mAbs] Bind Apoptotic And Chemical Oxidation Epitopes&lt;/b&gt;.</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode38.m4a" length="9900" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2008 13:46:55 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Renal Fibrosis, PAQR10, and CLL</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Ischemia and reperfusion injury contributes to the development of chronic interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy in renal allograft patients. Cyclooxygenase 1, or COX1, and Cyclooxygenase 2, or COX 2, actively participate in acute ischemic injury by activating endothelial cells and inducing oxidative stress...  </itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:56</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Renal Fibrosis, PAQR10, CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia. bacterial hemolysins</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Puerta, Managing Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 37: EPO Cross-Talk, Trauma-Hemorrhage, and TBI</title>
            <description>Two research papers are discussed: &lt;b&gt;EPO Cross-Talk In Multiple Sclerosis Model&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;Estrogen Receptor In Trauma-Hemorrhage&lt;/b&gt;; and then we’ll look at a &lt;i&gt;Review &amp; Assess &lt;/i&gt;paper which appeared in our November-December issue, &lt;b&gt;Pharmacology of Traumatic Brain Injury&lt;/b&gt;.</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode37.m4a" length="8400" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 01 Dec 2008 13:52:44 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>EPO Cross-Talk, Trauma-Hemorrhage, and TBI</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>EPO Cross-Talk In Multiple Sclerosis Model 
I guess I should start with defining “EPO”, E-P-O – that’s the abbreviation I’m going to use for erythropoietin.   Systemically administered EPO crosses the blood brain barrier and it’s protective in several animal models of disease...more</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>8:48</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Multiple Sclerosis,Estrogen Receptor,Trauma-Hemorrhage,Traumatic Brain Injury</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Managing Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 36: Diabetes and Insulin Resistance</title>
            <description>The two primary research papers we’ll go over in this podcast are: &lt;b&gt;Hyperglycemia Impedes Therapeutic Angiogenesis&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;Hemorrhage And Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance&lt;/b&gt;; and then one of our &lt;i&gt;Review &amp;amp; Assess&lt;/i&gt; papers from the November-December issue, &lt;b&gt;Adipokines And Insulin Resistance&lt;/b&gt;.</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode36.m4a" length="98000" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 17 Nov 2008 11:12:22 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Diabetes and Insulin Resistance</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Diabetes occurs when the body can’t make or use the hormone insulin properly, and its estimated that almost 24 million people in the US have diabetes.1 Diabetic patients have impaired angiogenesis which often leads to problems with wound healing and organ transplantation...</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:49</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Diabetes, Insulin Resistance</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Managing Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 35: Spinal Cord Injury, Mucosal Inflammation, and SLE</title>
            <description>This podcast will look at a research paper, &lt;b&gt;IV Treatment For Spinal Cord Injury&lt;/b&gt;; we will also look at a &lt;i&gt;Review &amp;amp; Assess&lt;/i&gt; paper, &lt;b&gt;No Longer An Innocent Bystander&lt;/b&gt;; and we’re going to check out the cover story from our November-December 08 issue, &lt;b&gt;Origins Of Pathogenic Antibodies In SLE&lt;/b&gt;.</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode35.m4a" length="11700" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 03 Nov 2008 13:59:53 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Spinal Cord Injury, Mucosal Inflammation, and SLE</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>IV Treatment For Spinal Cord Injury
Spinal cord injury occurs when there is damage to the spinal cord, which leads to a loss of mobility or feeling in the body.  And, these injuries usually occur after trauma such as a car accident, or as a result of disease, for example with polio.1 Now, there’s no therapy for spinal cord injury, and unfortunately that leaves patients permanently disabled. Central nervous system neurons aren’t replaced by new ones...</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>8:00</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Spinal Cord Injury, Mucosal Inflammation, and SLE</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Managing Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>What is GINA?</title>
            <description>Emmelyn Kim, MA, MPH discusses the ins and outs of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/GINA.mp3" length="15000" type="audio/mpeg"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 27 Oct 2008 10:18:39 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Emmelyn Kim, MA, MPH discusses the ins and outs of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act.</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>In May 2008, President Bush signed the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) into law.  GINA will protect Americans against discrimination based on their genetic information when it comes to health insurance and employment.  In this podcast, we discuss the ins and outs of GINA with Emmelyn Kim, MA, MPH.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>13:45</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Managing Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 34: RRP, CLL, and Burn Injury</title>
            <description>RRP, CLL, and Burn Injury</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode33.m4a" length="9600" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 20 Oct 2008 14:24:51 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>RRP, CLL, and Burn Injury</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Gene Expression In RRP
RRP or Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is primarily caused by the human papillomavirus, types 6 and 11, and what happens in this disease is that the viruses induce tumor growth in the larynx and sometimes in the lower respiratory tract...</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:24</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Gene Expression In RRP
RRP or Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is primarily caused by the human papillomavirus, types 6 and 11, and what happens in this disease is that the viruses induce tumor growth in the larynx and sometimes in the lower respirato</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Managing Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 33: Genetic Predictors in RA, Pancreatic Cancer, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome</title>
            <description>Genetic Predictors of Anti-TNF Response, Gelsolin In Pancreatic Cancer, and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode33.m4a" length="14300" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 06 Oct 2008 14:24:09 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Genetic Predictors of Anti-TNF Response, Gelsolin In Pancreatic Cancer, and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Rheumatoid arthritis is prevalent in over one million Americans.1 Tumor necrosis factor, or TNF, is a key regulator of the inflammatory cascade in rheumatoid arthritis as well as in several other inflammatory diseases. TNF antagonists have been approved by the FDA to treat arthritis and their therapeutic utility is well established.  You may know some of them...</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>10:04</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Rheumatoid arthritis,Pancreatic Cancer,Chronic Fatigue Syndrome</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Managing Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Danielle's Story: Genetic Testing in Breast Cancer</title>
            <description>An Assistant Professor at USF talks about her experience with genetic testing..</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Danielle.m4a" length="15100" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">C88F6CDC-90A8-11DD-9691-0014510BD93E-42366-000007C94FD1870B-FFA</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 06 Oct 2008 16:27:09 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>An Assistant Professor in the Biology Department at USF talks about her experience with genetic testing.</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>A few years ago, Danielle found out she carried a BRCA mutation, making her more susceptible to breast cancer.  Since then she has become a dedicated fund raiser and educator on the subject. Danielle supports organizations that provide funding, care, and raise awareness for cancer – especially breast cancer.  </itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>13:45</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>breast cancer, genetic testing</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Managing Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 32: Bipolar Disease, Burn Injury, Antiinflammatory: Choline</title>
            <description>Bipolar Disease, Burn Injury, Antiinflammatory: Choline</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode32.m4a" length="9600" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 22 Sep 2008 14:23:47 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Bipolar Disease, Burn Injury, Antiinflammatory: Choline</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Approximately one percent of people have biopolar disorder and while the disorder occurs equally in men and women, the severe rapid cycling form is more prevalent in females...</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:43</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Bipolar Disease, Burn Injury, Antiinflammatory: Choline</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Managing Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 31: PVD, Colon Cancer, and Wound Healing</title>
            <description>“Clamping Down On&lt;br  Placental Vascular Disease,” drinking some green tea to fight off colon cancer [“Green Tea For Colon Cancer”] and we’ll look at a review paper dealing with “Defending Peptides” in infection and wound healing.</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode31.m4a" length="8000" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 08 Sep 2008 14:23:08 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>PVD, Colon Cancer, and Wound Healing</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Clamping Down On Placental Vascular Disease
The placenta plays an important role in the acceptance of the fetal-placental unit by the maternal immune system.
Placental vascular disease can induce complications during human pregnancy, and these can be things
like as preeclampsia or fetal intrauterine growth restriction...</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:55</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>PVD, Colon Cancer, Wound Healing, Burns</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Managing Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 30: AMBP-1, Renal Failure, Estroge</title>
            <description>A primary research paper “Purification of Human AMBP-1”, and two review papers: “Renal Oxygenation Pathways”, and the second on, “Estrogen, NFkBs and HSPs.”</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode30.m4a" length="8600" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 25 Aug 2008 14:23:01 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>AMBP-1, Renal Failure, Estrogen</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Vascular responsiveness to adrenomedullin (AM), which is a potent vasoactive peptide, decreases during sepsis and hemorrhage and improves after administration of its binding protein (AMBP-1)... </itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:00</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>AMBP-1, Renal Failure, Estrogen</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 29: Transcript: Hypertension, Atherosclerosis, Sex Steroids</title>
            <description>“An ACE In The Hole,” “Biomarker For Atherosclerosis,” and a review paper dealing with “Sex Steroids &amp; Stem Cell Function”
</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode29.m4a" length="9500" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 11 Aug 2008 14:44:25 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Hypertension, Atherosclerosis, Stem Cell Function</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a critical public health problem. Hypertensive patients often don’t exhibit symptoms, leaving them unaware of their risk...</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:34</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Hypertension, Atherosclerosis, Stem Cell Function</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 28: Colorectal Cancer, Sepsis</title>
            <description>“Colorectal Cancer Prognostic Factor”, “Targeting LPA In Sepsis”, and our review and assess paper, “‘Alarmin’ The Host Of Danger.”</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode28.m4a" length="106000" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 28 Jul 2008 14:44:03 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Colorectal Cancer, Sepsis</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Colorectal cancer or CRC is the third leading cause of cancer deaths in Western countries and there are an estimated 140,000 new cases each year.1, 2 Development of distant metastases by tumor cells spread from the primary tumor site is a major cause of death. Using biomarkers to identify colorectal cancer patients who would benefit from adjuvant treatment may decrease the risk of recurrence. Low folate levels are seen in colorectal cancer patients with poor survival...</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>7:09</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Colorectal Cancer, Sepsis</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 27: Metabolic Syndrome, Prostate Cancer, Acute Lung Injury</title>
            <description>“If You Give A Rat A Cookie”, “PPARγ Ligands in Prostate Cancer”, and “ALI Pathogenesis”, a review paper dealing with acute lung injury.</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode27.m4a" length="10600" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 14 Jul 2008 14:21:02 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>“If You Give A Rat A Cookie”, “PPARγ Ligands in Prostate Cancer”, and “ALI Pathogenesis”, a review paper dealing with acute lung injury.</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>High dietary intake of the simple sugar fructose has rapidly become an important causative factor in the development of metabolic syndrome. There are several factors involved in metabolic sydrome and some of these include: having extra fat around your abdomen, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and insulin resistance.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>7:30</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Prostate Cancer, Lung injury, metabolic syndrome</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 26: Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Hypertension, Alzheimer’s/Parkinson’s</title>
            <description>“Silencing Hepatocellular Carcinoma,” also, “Remodel Your Walls With SM22α,” and our Review And Asses paper or RNA paper for this episode “Aggregating Alzheimer’s And Parkinson’s.”</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode26.m4a" length="870000" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 30 Jun 2008 14:20:45 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Hypertension, Alzheimer’s/Parkinson’s</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Hepatocellular carcinoma or HCC is a type of liver cancer that may occur in conjunction with cirrhosis, which is an accumulation of scar tissue in the liver...</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>7:33</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Hypertension, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 25: Inflammation, Sepsis, Obesity</title>
            <description>In this week’s podcast: “Smoking Out Oxidants,” sepsis gets “Stuck In The Filter,” “Library Screening For IFN-α”&lt;br&gt;
and “Chewing The Fat,” a review paper dealing with obesity.</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode25.m4a" length="10900" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 16 Jun 2008 14:20:29 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>“Smoking Out Oxidants,” sepsis gets “Stuck In The Filter,” “Library Screening For IFN-α” and “Chewing The Fat,” a review paper dealing with obesity.</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Smoking Out Oxidants
Inflammation occurs in a number of life-threatening diseases and is associated with an increase in oxidant stress.  Oxidants can activate monocytes through the Toll-Like Receptor 2, or TLR 2, however, the functional downstream consequence on immune system bacterial surveillance is unknown...</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>7:32</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>sepsis, obesity, oxidants, SLE</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 24: RA, Sepsis, TLR4</title>
            <description>“New Risk Loci For RA,” “Restoring Septic Immune Dysfunction,” and a review paper discussing “TLR4 Polymorphisms” 
</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode24.m4a" length="11800" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 02 Jun 2008 14:20:03 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>“New Risk Loci For RA,” “Restoring Septic Immune Dysfunction,” and a review paper discussing “TLR4 Polymorphisms”</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Rheumatoid arthritis or RA is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease and it’s characterized by joint inflammation and progressive joint destruction. If you know someone who suffers from RA, you know their swollen joints can restrict movement and interfere with daily activities...</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>8:16</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>rheumatoid arthritis, immune system, sepsis</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 23: Fibroids, Growth Hormone Deficiency and Liver I/R Injury</title>
            <description>“IGF-I Pathway Activation In Fibroids,” “A Novel Splice Mutation In GHRHR,” and review paper dealing with “Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury”
</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode23.m4a" length="9900" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 19 May 2008 14:19:51 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>“IGF-I Pathway Activation In Fibroids,” “A Novel Splice Mutation In GHRHR,” and review paper dealing with “Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury”</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids) are benign neoplasms of the myometrium prevalent in reproductive-aged women. While some fibroids are asymptomatic, others may cause pelvic pain, menstrual bleeding and infertility. Fibroids represent a tremendous public health burden for women in the United States and are an economic cost to society...</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:53</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Fibroids, GHRHR, Liver Ischemia</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 22: Tubular Atrophy &amp; Interstitial Fibrosis Progression, Insulin, Zinc Deficiency</title>
            <description>In this week’s podcast: “Allograft Gene Expression,” “Insulin Activates Endothelial Progenitor Cells,” and “Zinc in Human Health.”
</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode22.m4a" length="9000" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 05 May 2008 14:19:31 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>The podcast for the biomedical journal, Molecular Medicine</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Almost 5,000 kidney transplants fail per year in the US.  This results in the unfortunate return of patients to dialysis.  Kidney transplant failure is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. And chronic allograft nephropathy causes most kidney allograft losses. It includes the loss of kidney graft function with tubular atrophy as well as interstitial fibrosis.  Dr. Daniel Maluf and his colleagues identified several molecular pathways involved in tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis progression... </itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:18</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>gene expression, insulin and Zinc in human health

Gene Expression,” “Insulin Activates Endothelial Progenitor Cells,” and “Zinc in Human Health.”

“Allograft Gene Expression,” “Insulin Activates Endothelial P</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 21: Alzheimer's Disease, Tissue Development andCarcinogenesis, Septic Cardiomyopathy</title>
            <description>“Apoptosis in Neurodegeneration,” “Extracting Data from ODAM,” and “Cardiomyopathy of Sepsis”</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode21.m4a" length="8800" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 21 Apr 2008 14:19:10 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Odontogenic ameloblast, ODAM. Cardiomyopathy Of Sepsis, Apoptosis In Neurodegeneration (Alzheimer's disease)</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Apoptosis In Neurodegeneration
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by extracellular plaques of amyloid β and intracellular aggregations of tau. So while the exact role of cell death is unclear, apoptosis is increased and caspase-3 is activated in Alzheimer's disease</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:13</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Odontogenic ameloblast, ODAM. Cardiomyopathy, Sepsis, Alzheimer's disease</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 20: Meniscal Degeneration, Fanconi Anemia,Non-healing Ulceration, Alzheimer's Disease</title>
            <description>“Knee-Deep In Meniscal Degeneration,” “Fanconi Anemia:  Implications For Carcinogenesis,” “LA And HBO Are Quite A Pair,” and “Trying To Untangle Alzheimer’s Disease”</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode20.m4a" length="13000" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 07 Apr 2008 14:18:34 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Meniscal Degeneration, Fanconi Anemia, Alzheimer’s Disease</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Knee-Deep In Meniscal Degeneration
Menisci, which are located in your knee, are wedge-shaped half moon structures made of cartilage.  Menisci can fail due to biomechanical or biochemical cues.  And when they fail due to biochemical cues it is often attributed to osteoarthritis of the knee.  The molecular events underpinning the pathogenesis of meniscal degeneration remain elusive...</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>9:16</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Meniscal Degeneration, Fanconi Anemia, Alzheimer’s Disease</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 19: Hematopoiesis, Osteoarthritis, and Catecholamines</title>
            <description>“Neuronal NO Synthase In Hematopoiesis,” “A Joint Cause,” and “Foolishly Unlocking Pandora’s Box?”
</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode19.m4a" length="10300" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 24 Mar 2008 14:18:09 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Hematopoiesis, Osteoarthritis, and Catecholamines</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Nitric oxide, is abbreviated NO, is an important signaling molecule and it can act in an autocrine and paracrine mode.  NO is a crucial regulator of vasodilation, immunity and neurotransmission.  It’s also involved in regulating the balance between proliferation and differentiation in several developmental and differentiation settings.  In the hematopoietic system, NO contributes to the regulation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in the bone marrow...</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>7:15</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Hematopoiesis, Osteoarthritis, and Catecholamines</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 18: BP, AMI, and Lyme Neuroborreliosis</title>
            <description>“MIF In A Clinical Setting,” “Thrombin Receptor May Contribute to AMI,” and a review “Lyme Neuroborreliosis: From Infection to Inflammation.”  </description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Scoence &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode18.m4a" length="9400" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">6194350C-F068-11DC-82AB-0014510BD93E-1092-0000003506576BB0-FFA</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 10 Mar 2008 14:17:18 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>“MIF In A Clinical Setting,” “Thrombin Receptor May Contribute to AMI,” and a review “Lyme Neuroborreliosis: From Infection to Inflammation.”</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery induces a complex inflammatory reaction that may result in multiorgan dysfunction including cardiac contractile depression.  Macrophage migration inhibitory factor, abbreviated MIF, is a central mediator of the innate immune response in patients with autoimmune disorders, severe sepsis, and respiratory distress syndrome.  Pediatric cardiac surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass induces proinflammatory cytokine production, and that correlates with postoperative morbidity and cardiopulmonary dysfunction.  </itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:38</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Cardiopulmonary bypass,Lyme Neuroborreliosis</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 17: Malaria Associated Anemia, Hereditary Hematochromatosis, Antiinflammatory Strategies</title>
            <description>In this week’s podcast: “Malaria-Associated Anemia Won’t Take A Complement,” “Misbehaving Mitochondria,” and “Can Antiinflammatory Strategies Combat Insulin Resistance?”</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode17.m4a" length="9300" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 25 Feb 2008 13:16:22 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>“Mollie Medcast,” the podcast for the biomedical journal, Molecular Medicine.</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Malaria-Associated Anemia Won’t Take A Complement
Plasmodium falciparum is an intracellular human parasite transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito.  P. falciparum malaria causes 1-2 million deaths per year, many occurring as a result of complications such as severe anemia and cerebral malaria.  The parasite can directly mediate erythrocyte destruction, but the degree of anemia observed in severe cases cannot be explained solely by this phenomenon.  Moreover, the lifespan of uninfected erythrocytes is decreased in infected persons suggesting that soluble factors influence erythrocyte survival. </itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>6:34</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Plasmodium falciparum,Hereditary hemochromatosis</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 16: Chronic Kidney Disease, AcuteHepatitis, Trauma-Hemorrhage</title>
            <description>“HMGB1 in Chronic Kidney Disease,” “Hypoxia-Triggered Pathway Provides Protection In Acute Hepatitis,” and “Therapeutic Estrogen.”</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/Episode16.m4a" length="8500" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">61B8912A-EC78-11DC-AB26-0014510BD93E-20772-0000049FBF83C0C2-FFA</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 11 Feb 2008 12:49:11 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>“HMGB1 in Chronic Kidney Disease,” “Hypoxia-Triggered Pathway Provides Protection In Acute Hepatitis,” and “Therapeutic Estrogen.”</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>HMGB1 in Chronic Kidney Disease
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with inflammation, malnutrition and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.  High mobility group box 1 or HMGB1, is a proinflammatory mediator of tissue injury.  It’s implicated in several inflammatory diseases.  Dr. Annette Bruchfeld and her colleagues completed a cross-sectional study analyzing chronic kidney disease patients to determine if HMGB1 is elevated. </itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>5:55</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>kidney, hypoxia, hepatitis, estrogen therapy</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 11: SLE and RA Preeclampsia, Osteosarcoma</title>
            <description>“A FOX In The Autoimmune Disease Henhouse,” “Interfering With Osteosarcoma,” and last but not least, “Cholinergic Agonists May Protect Against Preeclampsia”
</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/MolMed1311-12Ep11.m4a" length="460000" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1A42C8C6-9B90-11DC-A6B9-0014510BD93E-599-000000B6D567AA6F-FFA</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 26 Nov 2007 12:48:56 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>“A FOX In The Autoimmune Disease Henhouse,” “Interfering With Osteosarcoma,” and last but not least, “Cholinergic Agonists May Protect Against Preeclampsia”</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>The members of the forkhead box class O transcription factors play an important role in controlling lymphocyte activation and proliferation.  We’ll abbreviate forkhead box class O as FOXO.  Drs. Kuo and Lin from Cathay General Hospital in Taipei, Taiwan evaluated the possibility that FOXO transcriptional expression is dysregulated in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, two autoimmune diseases with tissue damage mediated by overactivation of autoreactive lymphocytes. </itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>8:41</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>autoimmune disease, biomedical, research,Osteosarcoma, Preeclampsia</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 10: Sepsis, Cardiac Proinflammatory Stress</title>
            <description>“Fractalkine Pumps Up Phagocytosis,” “Lovastatin Effects On Macrophages,” and “Getting To The Heart Of An Inflammatory Response” </description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/MolMed1311_12Ep10.m4a" length="390000" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">5FEF9B37-8E0E-11DC-A5F0-0014510BD93E-29983-000008204469E893-FFA</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 12 Nov 2007 12:44:51 -0500</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>“Fractalkine Pumps Up Phagocytosis,” “Lovastatin Effects On Macrophages,” and “Getting To The Heart Of An Inflammatory Response”</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response to infection, which may lead to multiple organ failure and is associated with increased rates of apoptosis.  Clearance of apoptotic cells is crucial to maintaining cellular function under normal and pathological conditions. </itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>7:25</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>sepsis,macrophage,heart,inflamation,biomedical,research</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 9: Garlic, Maggots, Wolfsbane</title>
            <description>Special Halloween Episode where we’ll talk about medicinal and historical uses of garlic, maggots and wolfsbane. But be careful because “by the pricking of my thumbs,/ something wicked this way comes.”1&lt;br /&gt;</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/MolMed_Ep09.m4a" length="480000" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">7DCC6978-8C89-11DC-8CE8-0014510BD93E-25445-000006F6E4C35C41-FFA</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 29 Oct 2007 13:44:19 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>Garlic, Maggots and Wolfsbane</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>In Ancient Egypt Allium sativum, or garlic, was given mainly to the working class involved in heavy labor, doing things like building the pyramids.2  It was thought that garlic could maintain and increase the strength of the workers which would allow them to work longer and harder. </itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>10:06</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>garlic, maggots, wolfsbane, halloween</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 8: Ischemia Reperfusion Injury, Viral Hepatitis, DNA Microarrays, Alzheimer Disease</title>
            <description>“Protect Your Small Intestine With EPO,” “NF-kB in Hepatitis-Infected Pregnant Women,” “DNA Microarrays In Biomedical And Clinical Research,” and finally, “Another Aspect of Alzheimer’s.”
</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/MolMed139_10Ep08.m4a" length="420000" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">39A239AA-83E8-11DC-B993-0014510BD93E-17986-000004D847B5F3A6-FFA</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Oct 2007 13:43:52 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>“Protect Your Small Intestine With EPO,” “NF-kB in Hepatitis-Infected Pregnant Women,” “DNA Microarrays In Biomedical And Clinical Research,” and finally, “Another Aspect of Alzheimer’s.”</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Protect Your Small Intestine With EPO
Ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury occurs in a variety of clinical conditions and is associated with high morbidity and mortality.  Reperfusion injury occurs as a result of blood flow restoration to an ischemic, or blood-restricted, region.  The resulting tissue injury may be more damaging than the original ischemic injury.  </itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>7:54</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>research,biomedical,hepatitis,DNA,Alzheimer’s</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 7: Skeletal Muscle Atrophy, Angiogenesis, Sepsis</title>
            <description>“Muscling In On Mechanism,” “Angiogenesis In The AV Loop Model,” and “AM/AMBP And ecNOS In Sepsis.”</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/MolMed139_10Ep07.m4a" length="400000" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 01 Oct 2007 13:42:44 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>“Muscling In On Mechanism,” “Angiogenesis In The AV Loop Model,” and “AM/AMBP And ecNOS In Sepsis.”</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Muscling In On Mechanism 
Skeletal muscle atrophy can occur for many reasons, some of which include denervation, changes in hormone levels, it can occur as a result of some diseases such as sepsis and cancer or simply from ageing. Muscle wasting associated with long-term intensive care unit treatment has a negative effect on muscle function, which results in prolonged periods of rehabilitation and a decreased quality of life. </itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>7:52</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>research, biomedical,sepsis,muscle,long-term care,tissoe emgineering</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 6: Metachromatic Leukodystrophy, Septic Shock</title>
            <description>“STAT4 in the Korean RA Population,” “These Transgenics Are Knockouts,” and our feature cover article for the September-October Issue, “Pathways To Pediatric Septic Shock”</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 17 Sep 2007 13:42:23 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>“STAT4 in the Korean RA Population,” “These Transgenics Are Knockouts,” and our feature cover article for the September-October Issue, “Pathways To Pediatric Septic Shock”</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>STAT4 in Korean RA Population
Ep 05 from this podcast has a special scientific briefing interview with two of the authors from this manuscript Drs. Peter Gregersen and Dan Kastner.  So if you find this summary interesting you may want to go there for some more information.  Rheumatoid arthritis affects about 2.1 million Americans.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>9:11</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>research, biomedicalRheumatoid arthritis.MLD,septic shock</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 5: Scientific Briefing</title>
            <description>New Risk Gene for Rheumatoid Arthritis</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/PKG%20Press.mp3" length="21460000" type="audio/mpeg"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 03 Sep 2007 14:35:05 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>New Risk Gene for Rheumatoid Arthritis</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>A recent study in the North American White population has documented the association of a common STAT4 haplotype with risk for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus.  To replicate this finding in the Korean population, Lee et al. performed a case-control association study.  Sixty-seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped within the STAT1 and STAT4 regions in 1123 Korean patients with RA and 1008 ethnicity-matched controls.  The most significant four risk SNPs are identical with those in the North American study.  All four SNPs have modest risk for RA susceptibility and a common haplotype defined by these markers carries significant risk for RA in Koreans.  Unlike several other risk genes for RA, a haplotype of the STAT4 gene shows consistent association with RA susceptibility across Whites and Asians, suggesting that this risk haplotype predated the divergence of the major racial groups.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>21:46</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>Rheumatoid Arthritis,biomedical research</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 4: Skin Papilloma, Psychotic and Affective Disorders, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Craniosynostosis</title>
            <description> “Garlic – It’s Not Just For Vampires,” “Genetic Variation in Psychotic and Affective Disorders,” “A Potential Biomarker For Oral Cancers,” and last but not least, “Bone Up On Craniosynostosis.”</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/MolMed137_8Ep04.m4a" length="11260" type="audio/x-m4a"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 20 Aug 2007 13:40:51 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>“Garlic – It’s Not Just For Vampires,” “Genetic Variation in Psychotic and Affective Disorders,” “A Potential Biomarker For Oral Cancers,” and last but not least, “Bone Up On Craniosynostosis.”</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Garlic – It’s Not Just For Vampires 
This manuscript has two things that I like very much, garlic and liposmes, which are clever little vesicles used to deliver drugs.  (Thank you, Sir Alec Bangham)  So, garlic has a long history of potential health benefits.  Garlic was part of the Egyptian diet and it actually was given to workers who were building the pyramids because they thought it would give them strength and the ability to work longer and harder.  Greek athletes ate garlic before competing in the earliest Olympic games.  And Hippocrates, the Father of Medicine, prescribed if for a variety of conditions.1  The chemotherapeutic and antitumor activity that’s associated with garlic has been attributed to the presence of various organosulfide-based compounds including diallyl sulfide.  So this is an active component of garlic, it possesses strong anti-neoplastic properties against various forms of cancer.  Topical application is the most promising approach for local treatment of skin tumors.  However, we need more efficient methods because when you apply something topically the molecules diffuse across the skin surface.  Topical liposome-based formulations have shown promise in this area and in the present study Dr. Khan and his colleagues evaluated the effects of liposomised-diallyl sulfide against dimethyl benz (a) anthracene (DMBA)-induced skin papilloma.  And the title of this manuscript is, “Potential of Diallyl Sulfide Bearing pH Sensitive Liposomes in Chemoprevention of DMBA Induced Skin Papilloma.”  Their results showed that liposomised-diallyl sulfide could effectively delay the onset of tumorogenesis and reduce the cumulative numbers and size of tumor papillomas in treated mice. .
So let’s switch gears a little bit and move on to our next paper.
</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>11:26</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>garlic, cancer, oral cancer, bone, psychosis</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 3: Hepatocellular Carcinoma, CD36, CADASIL</title>
            <description> “Researchers Use Phage Display Library For Target Practice ”, “CD36 And Disease”, “Racking Up Knowledge of Arthritis Signaling Pathways” and “Steps Towards Understanding CADASIL.”</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <category>Science and Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/MolMed135_6Ep03.mp3" length="14248832" type="audio/mpeg"  ></enclosure>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 06 Aug 2007 13:40:02 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>“Researchers Use Phage Display Library For Target Practice ”, “CD36 And Disease”, “Racking Up Knowledge of Arthritis Signaling Pathways” and “Steps Towards Understanding CADASIL.”</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Researchers Use Phage Display Library For Target Practice 
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a form of cancer, which originates in the liver cells. It is a challenging malignancy, which unfortunately results in high patient mortality rates.  Current therapies do exist, however, they have drawbacks such as cytotoxicity and this has prompted researchers to seek more effective methods of treatment.  
CD36 And Disease
Cell differentiation molecule 36 or CD36, is a transmembrane glycoprotein located on chromosome 7q11.2 encoded by 15 exons.  The defective CD36 gene may be a candidate for several diseases some of which include atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, diabetes, cardiomyopathy, Alzheimer’s disease, and malaria.  
Racking Up Knowledge of Arthritis Signaling Pathways
Rheumatoid arthritis or RA, is a chronic disorder that causes progressive joint destruction. Our next manuscript deals with this topic and is entitled, “The GTPase Rac Regulates the Proliferation and Invasion of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes from Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients”.  Fibroblast-like synoviocytes isolated from RA patient joints display proliferative and invasive properties reminiscent of malignant tumor cells.  Rac small GTPases play an important role in tumor cell proliferation and invasion.  Dr. Chan from the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research investigated the potential role of Rac proteins in the proliferative and invasive behavior of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes.  
In case anyone listening is interested, the North Shore-LIJ Health System on Long Island (http://www.northshorelij.com) has over 1000 clinical research studies going on right now in a variety of diseases.  Over 15 of these studies deal with Rheumatology.  So if you are interested in finding out more about this, you can call 516-562-4874 for information and ask for Ruth. That number again in case you need it is 516-562-4874.

Steps Towards Understanding CADASIL
So the next disease we’re going to discuss is a vascular degenerative disease.  It’s called CADASIL and that stands for cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy. So it’s no wonder they call it CADASIL for short!  People who suffer from CADASIL may experience migraines, speech problems, depression and dementia.  CADASIL is caused by mutations in the NOTCH3 gene and over 140 different mutations have been identified in the gene that encodes the Notch 3 protein.  The majority of mutations are missense point mutations, which lead to protein misfolding.  Additionally, an uneven number of cysteine residues appear in the extracellular domain of the Notch3 receptor.  Accumulation of these receptors on small and middle-sized arteries, along with degeneration of vascular smooth muscle cells, characterize this disease.  In this study, Dr. Ihalainen from the University of Helsinki and colleagues characterized the protein expression pattern in cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells from CADASIL patients.  The manuscript is entitled, “Proteome Analysis of Cultivated Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells from a CADASIL Patient.” In it, the authors identified 11 differentially expressed proteins, which are involved in protein degradation and folding, contraction of the vascular smooth muscle cells and cellular stress.  Their results indicate that Notch3 misfolding may lead to endoplasmic reticulum stress and an in increase in reactive oxygen species and cell proliferation inhibition.  Additional data suggests the possibility that the angiotension II regulatory feedback loop is activated.  
</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>9:53</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>research,biomedical,CADISIL,arthritis</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 2: Idiopathic Portal Hypertension, Fibrosarcoma</title>
            <description>“High Levels Of CTGF In Idiopathic Portal Hypertension Patients”, “Nano Drug Carriers Deliver Treatment” and “Arthritis – It’s In Your Genes.”</description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <author>mpuerta@NSHS.edu</author>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 23 Jul 2007 13:39:27 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>“High Levels Of CTGF In Idiopathic Portal Hypertension Patients”, “Nano Drug Carriers Deliver Treatment” and “Arthritis – It’s In Your Genes.”</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>Our first manuscript for this week deals with idiopathic portal hypertension. Idiopathic portal hypertension, or IPH, is a rare disorder with an unknown etiology (and if you remember that was our vocab word from the last episode). If you are familiar with this disease you may also have heard it referred to as Banti’s syndrome.  Patients with this disease have high blood pressure in the portal vein and surrounding branches.
This manuscript is called, “Expression of Connective Tissue Growth Factor in the Human Liver with Idiopathic Portal Hypertension.”  The lead author is Dr. Morikawa from the Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine.</itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>7:54</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>research,biomedical,hypertension,nano,arthritis</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
        </item>

        <item>
            <title>Episode 1: VPR and HSP27, Breast Cancer and Estrogen, Chronic Allograft Nephropath</title>
            <description>In this episode, our very first one: “A Hot Shock For HIV,” “A Pesticide and A Hormone – In It Together,” and “Kidney Transplant Recipients Express Themselves.”  </description>
            <link>http://www.molmed.org</link>
            <author>mpuerta@NSHS.edu</author>
            <category>Science &amp; Medicine</category>
            <enclosure url="http://www.molmed.org/mp3/MolMedv135_6Ep01.mp3" length="12089279" type="audio/mpeg"  ></enclosure>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">666C4A15-5AFD-11DC-AFD8-0014510BD93E-18338-00000501B1FBE61A-FFA</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 09 Jul 2007 13:37:11 -0400</pubDate>
            <itunes:subtitle>“A Hot Shock For HIV,” “A Pesticide and A Hormone – In It Together,” and “Kidney Transplant Recipients Express Themselves.”</itunes:subtitle>
            <itunes:summary>The first manuscript in our line-up is by Dr. Liang from the University of Maryland School of Medicine and it deals with this topic.  It’s entitled, “Anti-Vpr Activities of Heat Shock Protein 27.”  Vpr is a virion-associated protein that’s highly conserved among HIV type 1, simian immunodeficiency virus and other lentiviruses.  Vpr has some distinct activities in host cells some of which include cell cycle arrest and cell killing.  </itunes:summary>
            <itunes:duration>8:23</itunes:duration>
            <itunes:keywords>research,HIV,hormone,kidney,transplant</itunes:keywords>
            <itunes:author>Margot Gallowitsch -Puerta, Assoc. Ed., Molecular Medicine</itunes:author>
            <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
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